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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Stone slab as a floor covering consisting of a core concrete layer and a facing layer, whereby the core concrete layer consists of - 60 to 95% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 5 mm, - 0 to 30% asphalt debris, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / grit Natural asphalt powder with a grain size of less than 5 mm, - 2 to 10% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F, - 0.5 to 5% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardener for EP resins, - 0 to 1% superplasticizers and the facing layer of - 5 to 85% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 2 mm, - 1 to 10% expandable graphite, - 10 to 30% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F, whereby the viscosity less than 50,000 mPas and the epoxy equivalent does not exceed 400 g / eq, - 3 to 15% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardener for EP resins, the NH equivalent weight not exceeding 200 g / eq. - 0 to 2% release agents, - 0 to 2% defoamers, - 0 to 2% wetting agents, - 0 to 2% pigments.
    公开号:AT17103U1
    申请号:TGM50080/2020U
    申请日:2020-04-15
    公开日:2021-05-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Fraunhofer Ges Forschung；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    WORK STONE SLAB AS FLOOR COVERING
    The present invention relates to stone slabs for laying as flooring in heavily used interiors such as industrial and exhibition halls, in public buildings and in workshops but also in private living spaces.
    Natural asphalt slabs consist of ground natural asphalt, natural stone as a color supplement and bitumen as a binder. Natural asphalt slabs are sure-footed and warm to the feet and enable comfortable, fatigue-free walking. They dampen impact noise, reduce vibrations and generally reduce the noise level in buildings. Due to their extremely low abrasion, they are very durable and have a low-dust, easy-to-clean surface. Natural stone slabs are flame-retardant, but not resistant to grease, acids and alkalis. They are not suitable for wet rooms or for laying outdoors. Natural asphalt slabs are no longer produced due to the exhausted resources of natural products.
    The invention is based on the object of providing a stone slab for the floor covering which is highly ductile, abrasion-resistant, odorless, chemically resistant, dirt-resistant, permeable to diffusion, incombustible, hard-wearing and can be laid in the mortar. This object is achieved by a stone slab consisting of a core concrete layer with a facing layer.
    An embodiment of the invention is that the core concrete layer
    - a binding building material with a share greater than 0 to 70%,
    - Sand with a proportion greater than 0 to 80%, the sand having a grain size greater than 0 to 3 mm,
    - Bitumen / asphalt-containing raw materials such as natural asphalt, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or asphalt waste with a share greater than 0 to 50%, whereby these raw materials have a grain size greater than 0 to 1 mm,
    - Bitumen / asphalt-containing raw materials such as natural asphalt, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or asphalt waste with a proportion greater than 0 to 40%, whereby these raw materials have a grain size greater than 1 mm to 3 mm,
    - Bitumen / asphalt-containing raw materials such as natural asphalt, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or asphalt waste with a proportion greater than 0 to 80%, whereby these raw materials have a grain size of 4 mm to 16 mm,
    - polyacrylonitrile fibers (PAN fibers) with a proportion greater than 0 to 10%,
    - Long carbon fibers (C long fibers) with a proportion greater than 0 to 10% and
    - Stainless steel fibers with a proportion greater than 0 to 10%
    and the facing layer applied to the core concrete layer
    - Fine sand and / or black blasting sand (from melting chamber slag, corundum and / or quartz sand) with a proportion greater than 0 to 85%,
    - graphite with a proportion greater than 0 to 28%,
    - Resin with a proportion greater than 0 to 40% and
    - hardener with a proportion greater than 0 to 20%
    consists.
    This allows a floor covering made of an ultra-high-strength concrete or Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with ductile, abrasion-resistant, odorless, chemically resistant, dirt-resistant, diffusion-open, electrically conductive, temperature-controllable, incombustible, hard-wearing, laid in the mortar and / or glare-free properties are created. This is solved by the special composition of the core concrete as UHPC of the stone slab.
    A further advantageous embodiment of the binding building material is that a high-performance binding agent based on Portland cements and ultra-fine binding agents with a proportion of greater than 0 to 50%, a tile adhesive with a water cement value less than / equal to 0.7, is used as the binding construction material
    and additives in the form of a stabilizer with proportions greater than 0 to 5%, a super-liquefier with proportions greater than 0 to 5% and a black iron oxide with proportions greater than 0 to 7% are used.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the facing layer is a dense packing of mineral aggregates (including quartz sand and graphite), bound with an alkali-resistant and diffusion-open resin with hardener. This means that an odorless and non-combustible stone slab can be realized. Furthermore, these can also be made chemically resistant and dirt-resistant.
    Another advantage of the facing layer is that it can be trowelled onto the core concrete layer. This ensures a high level of slip resistance.
    A further advantageous embodiment of the work plate consists in the fact that the facing layer can be provided with a groove in which an electrical conductor in the form of a wire, a braid or a tape can then be placed. When laying a large number of work plates, adjacent work plates can then be electrically connected. The electrical conductors can be components of an electrical circuit in connection with a low voltage source.
    A high modulus of elasticity can be achieved through the use of aggregates of different strengths, a proportion of up to 80% flexible stone building materials, for example ground asphalt or bitumen sand / chippings with a size greater than 0, less than 32 mm, solid flexible adhesives with a proportion of up to 40% and plastic and / or stainless steel fibers can be achieved. These ingredients provide the prerequisite that loads can be redistributed to fixed areas via dynamically acting areas and thus the deformation and fracture behavior are positively influenced so that ductile behavior is achieved. Furthermore, the advantages of long-term safety with a high level of durability, a high packing density with a high strength and durability and a high level of safety in the event of component failure from a load are achieved.
    At the same time, the stone slab is very abrasion-resistant due to the presence of solid aggregates in the facing layer.
    Chemical resistance can be achieved through a plastic bond, bitumen-asphalt components and a packing density.
    The facing layer contains graphite, so that there is electrical conductivity in connection with electrical conductors. In connection with an electrical voltage source, electrical heating can thus be implemented.
    A ductile, hard-wearing floor covering can be designed in an embodiment for forklift traffic, which should also be made chemically resistant to weak fruit acids, dirt-resistant, permeable to diffusion and electrically conductive. This floor covering can be achieved by laying stone slabs according to the invention in a cement mortar bed with good adhesive strength. The core concrete layer of the stone slab can be composed of 75.25% sand, 14.7% ground asphalt or bitumen sand / chippings with a grain size greater than 0 to 8 mm, 4.8% resin (alkali-resistant and diffusion-open) and 2.4% hardener be. The facing material of the facing layer can consist of 68.3% fine sand, 5.1% graphite with additives, 17.7% resin (alkali-resistant and diffusion-open) and 8.9% hardener. After the mold has been lined with release paper, the well-mixed facing material to form the facing layer is poured into the mold as a mass, for example 3 mm thick. After brief setting at approx. 20 ° C, the fresh core concrete is filled in to form the core concrete layer and compacted by rolling. After storage, the raw board can be removed from the mold and the release papers removed with a water jet. The raw slabs can then be cut to the final desired slab size of the stone slab using a format saw.
    For an electrical conductivity of a floor covering with stone slabs according to the invention, it is advantageous if electrical conductors are attached with metal adhesive to opposite plate edges so that they touch the facing layer. From stone slab to stone slab, the electrical conductors can be connected with an electrical conductive adhesive. A further advantageous embodiment results when a groove has been worked into the facing layer, into which an electrically conductive cable can then be inserted.
    The object is also achieved by a stone slab which also consists of a core concrete layer and a facing layer, the core concrete layer being made of
    - 60 to 95% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 5 mm,
    - 2 to 10% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F,
    - 0.5 to 5% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardeners for EP resins and the facing layer
    - 5 to 85% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 2 mm,
    - 1 to 10% expandable graphite,
    - 10 to 30% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F,
    - 3 to 15% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardeners for EP resins. The core concrete layer can contain up to a proportion of 30% asphalt waste, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or natural asphalt powder with a grain size of less than 5 mm and up to 1% superplasticizer. Separating agents, defoamers, wetting agents or pigments can optionally have been added to the facing layer, each additive being contained in a proportion of at most 2%.
    Furthermore, the object is achieved by a stone slab, which also consists of a
    Core concrete layer and a facing layer consists, the core concrete layer from
    - 60 to 95% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 5 mm,
    - 2 to 10% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F,
    - 0.5 to 5% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardeners for EP resins and
    the facing layer off
    - 20 to 60% resin, if necessary with hardener,
    - 40 to 80% quartz sand or slag sand or gravel sand with a grain size greater than 0.05 to 1 mm
    consists.
    The core concrete layer can again contain up to 30% asphalt debris, ground
    nem asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or natural asphalt powder with a grain size of less than 5 mm
    and contain up to 1% superplasticizer. The facing layer can optionally be provided with
    tel, wetting agents or pigments have been added, each additive with one
    Share of a maximum of 5% is included.
    The invention is to be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments.
    EMBODIMENT 1 [0009] A stone was manufactured which has the following properties:
    Its facing layer is 2 mm thick and consists of 127.8 g of sand with a grain size of 0.2 to 0.7 mm
    120.5 g fine sand 0.1 to 0.4 mm grain size
    13.2 g expandable graphite
    82.7 g epoxy resin
    43.4 g hardener
    0.9 g release agents
    and
    the core layer is 26 mm thick and consists of 1230 g sand (coarse) 2 to 3.15 mm grain size
    410 g sand (medium) 0.2 to 0.7 mm grain size
    410 g sand (fine) 0.1 to 0.4 mm grain size
    683 g asphalt waste, ground with a grain size of less than 5 mm, 156.7 g epoxy resin
    80.9 g hardener
    The specified dimensions are 28 mm x 250 mm x 250 mm for a plate. The sand was quartz sand and filter gravel.
    Asphalt debris came from the dump in Eschershausen. It could be replaced by ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings or natural asphalt powder or, most simply, by sand. Epoxy resin Epilox T 19-27 (from Leuna-Harze) is a liquid, solvent-free and crystallization-stable epoxy resin, consisting of low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and bisphenol F. Viscosity at 25 ° C in the range of 6000 to 8000 mPas, Epoxy equivalent in the range from 175 to 185 g / Ag.
    Hardener Epilox H 10-41 (Leuna-Harze) is a liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardener for epoxy resins. Viscosity at 25 ° C in the range from 70 to 120 mPas, NHA equivalent weight 93 g / Aq. The NH equivalent weight should not exceed 200 g / Ag. lie.
    The resin content of the facing layer is selected so that dense surfaces are created. Different surface roughness is possible. In this way, glossy or matt surfaces can be created and the slip resistance can be adjusted.
    EXEMPLARY EXAMPLE 2 (core concrete layer like example 1 with a filler-applied facing layer)
    Compared to the execution of the core concrete layer of embodiment 1, the surface must be made relatively smooth, so that the top layer can be trowelled.
    The facing layer consists of a UV-resistant polymer resin, optionally with hardener and a fine-grain sand (z. B. quartz sand or slag sand).
    As polymer resins are conceivable z. B. polyurethanes, urea resins, aliphatic epoxides or polymer emulsions.
    A special urea resin was used for the laboratory sample (asparagine technology) and applied with a spatula:
    5.8 g Desmophen NH 1520 (Covestro) 3.58 g Desmodur N 3900 (Covestro)
    9.38 g blasting sand 0.2 to 0.5 mm (Güde) 0.4 g black pigment Bayferrox (Bayer)
    The sand graining and the filling process create rough surfaces with a high level of slip resistance.
    EXEMPLARY EXAMPLE 3 (cement-bound core concrete layer with filler-applied facing layer as in example 2)
    The core concrete layer was made by intensively mixing the starting materials (75.25% sand, 14.7% ground asphalt, 4.8% resin [alkali-resistant and diffusion-open] and 2.4% hardener) and pouring it into a mold. After a dwell time, the mold is removed and the facing layer can be applied by filling the well-mixed raw materials, namely 68.3% fine sand, 5.1% graphite, 17.7% resin (alkali-resistant, permeable to diffusion) and 8.9% hardener.
    The impact strength (ball drop test) was greatest in embodiment 1 and 2. With a height of fall of 3 m (ball mass 7.25 kg) the stone slabs did not break.
    The corresponding stone slab according to embodiment 3 was still intact after a fall height of 2 m (apart from a dent). The natural asphalt slab according to the prior art, which served as the starting point for the development of the stone slabs according to the invention, showed the same behavior.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    1. Stone slab as a floor covering consisting of a core concrete layer and a facing layer, the core concrete layer being made of
    - 60 to 95% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 5 mm,
    - O0 to 30% asphalt waste, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings, natural asphalt powder with a grain size of less than 5 mm,
    - 2 to 10% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F,
    - 0.5 to 5% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardener for EP resins,
    - Obis1% superplasticizers and
    the facing layer off
    - 5 to 85% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 2 mm,
    - 1 to 10% expandable graphite,
    - 10 to 30% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F, the viscosity being less than 50,000 mPas and the epoxy equivalent not exceeding 400 g / Ag,
    - 3 to 15% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardener for EP resins, whereby the NH equivalent weight does not exceed 200 g / Ag. lies,
    - 0Oto2% release agents,
    - 0O to 2% defoamers,
    - 0 to 2% wetting agents,
    - 0O to 2% pigments
    consists.
    [2]
    2. Stone slab as a floor covering consisting of a core concrete layer and a facing
    layer, with the core concrete layer made of
    - 60 to 95% quartz sand or gravel with a grain size greater than 0.05 mm to 5 mm,
    - Obis 30% asphalt waste, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings, natural asphalt powder with a grain size of less than 5 mm,
    - 2 to 10% low molecular weight epoxy resins based on bisphenol A and / or bisphenol F,
    - 0.5 to 5% liquid, solvent-free, modified polyamine adduct hardener for EP resins,
    - Obis1% superplasticizers and
    the facing layer off
    - 20 to 60% resin, if necessary with hardener,
    - 40 to 80% quartz sand or slag sand or gravel sand with a grain size greater than 0.05 to 1 mm,
    - 0 to 5% pigments,
    - Obis5% wetting agents,
    - Obis5% leveling agents
    consists.
    [3]
    3. Stone slab as a floor covering consisting of a core concrete layer and a facing
    layer, with the core concrete layer made of
    - greater than 0 to 70% binding building material,
    - greater than 0 to 80% sand with a grain size greater than 0 to 3 mm,
    - greater than 0 to 50% bitumen / asphalt-containing raw materials such as natural asphalt, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or asphalt debris with a grain size greater than 0 to 1 mm,
    - greater than 0 to 40% bitumen / asphalt-containing raw materials such as natural asphalt, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or asphalt debris with a grain size greater than 1 mm to 3 mm,
    - greater than 0 to 80% bitumen / asphalt-containing raw materials such as natural asphalt, ground asphalt, bitumen sand / chippings and / or asphalt waste with a grain size of 4 mm to 16 mm,
    - Obis 10% polyacrylonitrile fibers (PAN fibers),
    - Obis 10% carbon long fibers (C long fibers) and
    - Obis 10% stainless steel fibers and
    the facing layer off
    - greater than 0 to 85% fine sand and / or black blasting sand (from melting chamber slag, corundum and / or quartz sand),
    - greater than 0 to 28% graphite,
    - greater than 0 to 40% resin,
    - greater than 0 to 20% hardener
    consists.
    [4]
    4. Stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 3, characterized in that the binding building material is an alkali-resistant and diffusion-open resin.
    [5]
    5. Stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 3, characterized in that the binding building material consists of - 0O to 50% high-performance binders based on Portland cements and ultra-fine binders, - a tile adhesive with a water-cement value less than / equal to 0.7.
    [6]
    6. Stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 5, characterized in that the high-performance binder further additives in the form of a - stabilizer up to 5%, - superplasticizer up to 5% and - black iron oxide up to 7 /% is added.
    [7]
    7. stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 3 to 6, characterized in that the resin is an alkali-resistant and diffusion-open resin.
    [8]
    8. stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the facing layer is a facing layer that is puttied onto the core concrete.
    [9]
    9. stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the facing layer has electrical conductors.
    [10]
    10. Stone slab as a floor covering according to claim 9, characterized in that the facing layer has at least one groove in which at least one electrical conductor is arranged as a wire, strand or tape.
    [11]
    11. Floor covering consisting of stone slabs according to claim 10, characterized in that the electrical conductors of adjacent stone slabs are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner.
    [12]
    12. Floor covering according to claim 11, characterized in that the electrical conductors are components of an electrical circuit in connection with a low voltage source.
    [13]
    13. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the facing layer has a layer thickness of 1 to 4 mm and the core concrete layer has a layer thickness of 10 to 50 mm.
    No drawings for this
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2337728A1|1973-07-25|1975-02-06|Kurt Glass Chem Fabrik|Composite concrete plates - have synthetic resin contg. facing layer on light wt. concrete backing|
    DE2423582A1|1974-05-15|1975-11-27|Esb Inc|Interior-exterior building panel - has framed bonded wood fibre with mortar facing layers cast into frame|
    WO1980002125A1|1979-03-30|1980-10-16|Borfglace Ltd|Manufacture of structural board panels|
    DE4232751A1|1992-09-30|1994-05-19|Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte|Moulded concrete block esp. for paving - has facing layer of resin-bonded fine gravel|
    US20040142618A1|2003-01-21|2004-07-22|Saint Gobain Technical Fabrics|Facing material with controlled porosity for construction boards|
    WO2016113250A1|2015-01-15|2016-07-21|Sika Technology Ag|Epoxy resin-coated cement-bound composition for electrically conductive coatings or seal coats|
    DE202015106850U1|2015-12-16|2016-01-26|Markus Poidl|Spachtelbare mixture|
    CN110877964A|2019-09-12|2020-03-13|杨国曙|Environment-friendly energy-saving coated color sand and manufacturing method thereof|
    DE102019124726A1|2019-09-13|2021-03-18|METTEN Consulting GmbH|Concrete element and process for its manufacture|
    CN111362640A|2020-03-19|2020-07-03|福建省大地管桩有限公司|High-strength machine-made sand concrete and preparation method thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE202019102157.8U|DE202019102157U1|2019-04-15|2019-04-15|Stone slab as flooring|
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